လပေါ်သို့ဆင်းသက်ခြင်း: တည်းဖြတ်မှု မူကွဲများ

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[[File:Ranger 9 sudden impact.gif|thumb|right|ရိန်းဂျားအာကာသယာဉ်လကိုဝင်မဆောင့်မီပုံ ပန်းချီဆရာကပုံဖော်ထားပုံ]]

[[File:Ranger8-moon.jpg|thumb|right|လကိုဝင်မဆောင့်မီ ရိန်းဂျား-၈ အာကာသယာဉ်မှပေးပို့ခဲ့သော လ၏ဓာတ်ပုံ]]

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! align=left | အမေရိကန်ခရီးစဉ်များ

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| [[ပိုင်အိုနီးယား ၀]]

| 38

| [[Thor-Able]]

|-

|[[ပိုင်အိုနီးယား ၁]]

| Thor-Able

| align="right" | 11 October 1958

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| [[ပိုင်အိုနီးယား ၂]]

| 39

| Thor-Able

|-

| [[ပိုင်အိုနီးယား ၃]]

| 6

| Juno

|-

| [[ပိုင်အိုနီးယား ၄]]

| 6

| Juno

|-

| [[ပိုင်အိုနီးယား ပီ-၁]]

| 168

| Atlas-Able

|-

| [[ပိုင်အိုနီးယား ပီ-၃]]

| Atlas-Able

| align="right" | 29 November 1959

|-

|[[ပိုင်အိုနီးယား ပီ-၃၀]]

| 175

| Atlas-Able

|-

| [[ပိုင်အိုနီးယား ပီ-၃၁]]

| 175

| Atlas-Able

|-

| [[ရိန်းဂျား ၁]]

| 306

| Atlas – Agena

|-

| [[ရိန်းဂျား ၂]]

| Atlas – Agena

| align="right" | 18 November 1961

|-

| [[ရိန်းဂျား ၃]]

| 330

| Atlas – Agena

|-

| [[ရိန်းဂျား ၄]]

| 331

| Atlas – Agena

|-

| [[ရိန်းဂျား ၅]]

| 342

| Atlas – Agena

|-

| 367

| Atlas – Agena

|-

| 367

| Atlas – Agena

|-

| 367

| Atlas – Agena

|-

| 367

| Atlas – Agena

|}

 

From that vantage point, scientists could make direct measurements of the [[magnetosphere]] over a period of many months while engineers perfected new methods to routinely track and communicate with spacecraft over such large distances. Such practice was deemed vital to be assured of capturing high-bandwidth television transmissions from the Moon during a one-shot fifteen minute time window in subsequent Block II and Block III lunar descents. Both Block I missions suffered failures of the new Agena upper stage and never left low earth [[parking orbit]] after launch; both burned up upon reentry after only a few days.

 

 

This payload sphere contained six silver-[[cadmium]] batteries to power a fifty-milliwatt radio transmitter, a temperature sensitive voltage controlled oscillator to measure lunar surface temperatures, and a seismometer that was designed with sensitivity high enough to detect the impact of a five pound meteorite on the opposite side of the Moon. Weight was distributed in the payload sphere so it would rotate in its liquid blanket to place the seismometer into an upright and operational position no matter what the final resting orientation of the external landing sphere. After landing plugs were to be opened allowing the freon to evaporate and the payload sphere to settle into upright contact with the landing sphere. The batteries were sized to allow up to three months of operation for the payload sphere. Various mission constraints limited the landing site to Oceanus Procellarum on the lunar equator, which the lander ideally would reach 66 hours after launch.