ဘာရက် အိုဘားမား: တည်းဖြတ်မှု မူကွဲများ

အထက်တန်းပြီးသောအခါ [[လော့စ်အိန်ဂျယ်လိစ်မြို့]]ကို ရွှေ့ပြောင်းပြီး အော့စီဒန်းတယ်လ်ကောလိပ်တွင် ၂ နှစ်မျှ တက်ရောက်ပညာသင်ကြားခဲ့သည်။<ref>{{cite web | title=Oxy Remembers "Barry" Obama '83 | date=[[January 29]], [[2007]] | url=http://www.oxy.edu/x2526.xml | publisher=Occidental College | accessdate=2008-04-13}}</ref> ထို့နောက် နယူးယောက်မြို့၏ ကိုလမ်ဘီယာတက္ကသိုလ်ကို ရွှေ့ပြောင်းပြီး [[၁၉၈၃]] ခုနှစ်တွင် [[နိုင်ငံရေးသိပ္ပံဘွဲ့]] (နိုင်ငံတကာဆက်ဆံရေးကို အထူးပြု) နှင့် အောင်မြင်ခဲ့သည်။<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.college.columbia.edu/cct_archive/jan05/cover.php | title=Barack Obama '83 | work=Columbia College Today | author=Boss-Bicak, Shira | date=January 2005 | accessdate=2008-06-09}}</ref> ယခင်က နိုင်ငံတကာစီးပွားရေးကော်ပိုရေးရှင်း (Business International Corporation) နှင့် နယူးယောက်ဘုံဝါသနာသုတေသနအဖွဲ့ (New York Public Interest Research Group) အတွက်လုပ်ခဲ့သည်။<ref name="Who's Who 2008">{{cite book |author=Chassie, Karen (ed.) |year=2007 |title=Who's Who in America, 2008 |url=http://www.marquiswhoswho.com/products/WAprodinfo.asp |location=New Providence, NJ |publisher=Marquis Who's Who |isbn=9780837970110 |page=p. 3468 |accessdate=2008-06-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | first=Janny | last=Scott | title=Obama's Account of New York Years Often Differs from What Others Say | date=[[October 30]], [[2007]] | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/30/us/politics/30obama.html | work=The New York Times | accessdate=2008-04-13}} Obama (1995), pp. 133–140; Mendell (2007), pp. 62–63.</ref>

[[File: Barack-obama-mother.jpg|thumb|left|200pix|ဘာရက် အိုဘားမားအား သူ၏အမေ အန်ဒန်းနမ်မှ ကြီးပြင်းလာသည်အထိ ပျိုးထောင်ခဲ့သည်။]]

 

[[၁၉၈၈]] နှစ်ဆုံးတွင် ဟားဗတ်ဥပဒေကျောင်းကို စတင်တက်ရောက်ခဲ့သည်။ ပထမနှစ်တွင် ရရှိသောအမှတ်နှင့် စာအရေးအသားပြိုင်ပွဲ များကြောင့် ဟားဗတ်ဥပဒေဝေဖန်ချက်ဂျာနယ်၏ အယ်ဒီတာဖြစ်လာခဲ့သည်။<ref name="Harvard Law 2007">{{cite news |author=Levenson, Michael; Saltzman, Jonathan |date=2007-01-28 |title=At Harvard Law, a unifying voice |url=http://www.boston.com/news/local/articles/2007/01/28/at_harvard_law_a_unifying_voice/?page=full |work=The Boston Globe |accessdate=2008-06-15}} {{cite news |author=Kantor, Jodi |date=2007-01-28 |title=In law school, Obama found political voice |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/28/us/politics/28obama.html?_r=1&pagewanted=all |work=The New York Times |page=1 |accessdate=2008-06-15}} {{cite news |author=Kodama, Marie C |date=2007-01-19 |title=Obama left mark on HLS |url=http://www.thecrimson.com/article.aspx?ref=516664 |work=The Harvard Crimson |accessdate=2008-06-15}} {{cite news |author=Mundy, Liza |title=A series of fortunate events |date=2007-08-12 |url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/08/08/AR2007080802038_pf.html |work=The Washington Post |page=W10 |accessdate=2008-06-15}} {{cite journal |author=Heilemann, John |title=When they were young |date=October 22, 2007 |url=http://www.printthis.clickability.com/pt/cpt?action=cpt&title=When+They+Were+Young&expire=&urlID=24417790&fb=Y&url=http%3A%2F%2Fnymag.com%2Fnews%2Ffeatures%2F39321%2F&partnerID=73272 |journal=New York |volume=40 |issue=37 |pages=32–7, 132–3 |accessdate=2008-06-15}} Mendell (2007), pp. 80–92.</ref> ဒုတိယနှစ်တွင်ရွေးချယ်ပြီး ဥပဒေဝေဖန်ချက်ဂျာနယ်သမ္မတနှင့် လုပ်အားပေးစာတည်းမှူးဖြစ်ခဲ့သည်။<ref name="Harvard Law 1990"> {{cite news |author=Butterfield, Fox |date=1990-02-06|title=First black elected to head Harvard's Law Review |url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CE2DC1631F935A35751C0A966958260 |work=The New York Times |page=A20 |accessdate=2008-06-15}} {{cite news |author=Ybarra, Michael J |date=1990-02-07 |title=Activist in Chicago now heads Harvard Law Review |url=http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/28797353.html?dids=28797353:28797353&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT |format=paid archive |work=Chicago Tribune |page=3 |accessdate=2008-06-15}} {{cite news |author=Matchan, Linda |date=1990-02-15 |title=A Law Review breakthrough |url=http://search.boston.com/local/Search.do?s.sm.query=&s.author=Linda+Matchan&s.tab=globe&s.si%28simplesearchinput%29.sortBy=-articleprintpublicationdate&docType=&date=&s.startDate=1990-02-15&s.endDate=1990-02-15 |format=paid archive |work=The Boston Globe |page=29 |accessdate=2008-06-15}} {{cite news |author=Corr, John |date=1990-02-27 |title=From mean streets to hallowed halls |url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=PI&p_theme=pi&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&s_trackval=PI&s_search_type=customized&s_dispstring=Author(John%20Corr)%20AND%20date(02/27/1990%20to%2002/27/1990)&p_field_date-0=YMD_date&p_params_date-0=date:B,E&p_text_date-0=02/27/1990%20to%2002/27/1990)&p_field_advanced-0=Author&p_text_advanced-0=(John%20Corr)&xcal_numdocs=20&p_perpage=10&p_sort=_rank_:D&xcal_ranksort=4&xcal_useweights=yes |format=paid archive |work=The Philadelphia Inquirer |page=C01 |accessdate=2008-06-15}} {{cite news |author=Drummond, Tammerlin |date=1990-03-12 |title=Barack Obama's Law; Harvard Law Review's first black president plans a life of public service |url=http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/60017156.html?dids=60017156:60017156&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT |format=paid archive |work=Los Angeles Times |page=E1 |accessdate=2008-06-15}} {{cite news |author=Pugh, Allison J. (Associated Press) |date=1990-04-18 |title=Law Review's first black president aims to help poor |url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=MH&p_theme=realcities2&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&s_site=miami&s_trackval=MH&s_dispstring=Title(Law%20Review's%20first%20black%20president%20aims%20to%20help%20poor)%20AND%20date(04/18/1990%20to%2004/18/1990)&p_field_date-0=YMD_date&p_params_date-0=date:B,E&p_text_date-0=04/18/1990%20to%2004/18/1990)&p_field_advanced-0=title&p_text_advanced-0=(Law%20Review's%20first%20black%20president%20aims%20to%20help%20poor)&xcal_numdocs=20&p_perpage=10&p_sort=_rank_:D&xcal_ranksort=4&xcal_useweights=yes |format=paid archive |work=The Miami Herald |page=C01 |accessdate=2008-06-15}}</ref> ၁၉၉၀ ဖေဖေါ်ဝါရီလတွင် မီဒီယာများသည် အိုဘားမား၏ ဟားဗတ်ဥပဒေဝေဖန်ချက်၏ ပထမဆုံးလူမည်းသမ္မတဖြစ်ကြောင်းကို ကျယ်ကျယ်ပြန့်ပြန့်သတင်းပို့ကြသည်။<ref name="Harvard Law 1990"/> ၁၉၉၁ ခုနှစ်တွင် ဟားဗတ်၌ [[Juris Doctor|J.D.]] [[Latin honors|''magna cum laude'']] (ဒုတိယဂုဏ်ထူး ဥပဒေပါရဂူဘွဲ့) အောင်ခဲ့ပြီး ရှီကာဂိုမြို့ကို ပြန်လည်ရွှေ့ပြောင်းခဲ့သည်။<ref name="Harvard Law 2007"/><ref>{{cite news |author=Aguilar, Louis |date=1990-07-11 |title=Survey: Law firms slow to add minority partners |url=http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/28774085.html?dids=28774085:28774085&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT |format=paid archive |work=Chicago Tribune |page=1 (Business) |quote=Barack Obama, a summer associate at Hopkins & Sutter in Chicago |accessdate=2008-06-15}}</ref>