ဗွီ-၂ ဒုံးပျံ: တည်းဖြတ်မှု မူကွဲများ

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အရေးမကြီး clean up using AWB
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'''ဗွီ-၂ ဒုံးပျံ ''' ({{lang-de|[[Vergeltungswaffe]] 2}}, i.e. ''retaliation weapon 2''), technical name ''[[Aggregate (rocket family)|Aggregat-4]] (A4)''သည် [[ဒုတိယကမ္ဘာစစ်]]အစောပိုင်းကာလတွင် အထူးသဖြင့်[[လန်ဒန်မြို့]]၊ ထို့နောက် အန်တွပ်မြို့များကိုပစ်ခတ်ရန်တီထွင်ခဲ့သော [[တာတိုပစ်ဒုံးပျံ]]ဖြစ်သည်။ [[လောင်စာရည်တွန်းအားပေးဒုံးပျံ]]သည် ကမ္ဘာ့ပထမဆုံးသောအဝေးပစ်<ref>'Long-range' in the context of the time. See [http://www-pao.ksc.nasa.gov/history/rocket-history.htm NASA history article.]</ref> စစ်သုံးလက်နက်<ref>{{cite book | last = Zaloga | first = Steven | title = V-2 Ballistic Missile 1942–52 | publisher = Osprey Publishing | location = Reading | year = 2003 |page=3 | isbn = 978-1-84176-541-9 }}</ref> နှင့် အာကာသသို့ပထမဆုံးရောက်သော လူလုပ်ပစ္စည်းဖြစ်သည်။<ref>''Peenemünde,'' Walter Dornberger, Moewig, Berlin 1984. ISBN 3-8118-4341-9.</ref> It was the progenitor of all modern rockets,<ref> ''NOVA'' science programme(s). ''Sputnik Declassified.'' Public Broadcasting Service (PBS). 2008.</ref> including those used by the [[United States]] and [[The Soviet Union|Soviet Union's]] space programs. During the [[aftermath of World War II]] the American, Soviet and British governments all gained access to the V-2's technical designs as well as the actual German scientists responsible for creating the rockets, via [[Operation Paperclip]], [[Operation Osoaviakhim]] and [[Operation Backfire (WWII)|Operation Backfire]] respectively.<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=Sr6JtOoWghkC&pg=PA170&dq=german+scientists,+soviet+space+program&hl=en&ei=Ckf4S7HkIcWblgfmupzeCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCsQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=german%20scientists%2C%20soviet%20space%20program&f=false "The V2 and the German, Russian and American Rocket Program"], C. Reuter. German Canadian Museum. p. 170. ISBN 1-894643-05-4, ISBN 978-1-894643-05-4.</ref>
 
The weapon was presented by [[Nazism|Nazi]] propaganda as a retaliation for the bombers that attacked ever more German cities from 1942 until Germany surrendered.<ref>[http://books.google.de/books?id=kq9-YJSCjuMC&lpg=PP1&hl=en&pg=PA149#v=onepage&q&f=false The Third Reich: politics and propaganda, David Welch], page 149: Nazi propaganda at war</ref>