ဗွီ-၂ ဒုံးပျံ: တည်းဖြတ်မှု မူကွဲများ

စာကြောင်း ၅၆ -
 
{{cite book |last=Irving|first=David|authorlink=David Irving|editor= |others=|title=The Mare's Nest|year=1964|publisher=William Kimber and Co|location=London|page=17}}</ref>
von Braun specified the A-4 performance in 1937,<ref name=Middlebrook>{{cite book |last=Middlebrook|first=Martin|title=The Peenemünde Raid: The Night of 17–18 August 1943|url=https://archive.org/details/peenemunderaidni0000midd|year=1982|month= |publisher=Bobs-Merrill|location=New York|page=[https://archive.org/details/peenemunderaidni0000midd/page/19 19]}}</ref> and A-4 design and construction was ordered c1938/1939.<ref name=Braun>{{cite book |last=Braun|first=Wernher von (Estate of) |authorlink=Wernher von Braun |coauthors=[[Frederick I. Ordway III|Ordway III, Frederick I]] & Dooling, David Jr. |title=Space Travel: A History |year=1985 |publisher=Harper & Row |location=New York |isbn=0-06-181898-4 |page=45 |origyear=1975}}</ref>
During 28–30 September 1939, ''Der Tag der Weisheit'' (English: the day of wisdom) conference met at Peenemünde to initiate the funding of university research to solve rocket problems.<ref name=Ordway/>{{Rp|40}}
By late 1941, the [[Peenemünde#Army Research Center Peenemünde|Army Research Center]] at Peenemünde possessed the technologies essential to the success of the A-4. The four key technologies for the A-4 were large liquid-fuel rocket engines, supersonic aerodynamics, gyroscopic guidance and rudders in jet control.<ref name=Neufeld>{{cite book |last=Neufeld|first=Michael J|title=The Rocket and the Reich: Peenemünde and the Coming of the Ballistic Missile Era|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780029228951|year=1995|month= |publisher=The Free Press|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780029228951/page/73 73], 74, 101, 281}}</ref> At the time, [[Adolf Hitler]] was not particularly impressed by the V-2; he pointed out that it was merely an artillery shell with a longer range and much higher cost.<ref name=Irons>{{Cite journal |last=Irons |first=Roy |title=Hitler's terror weapons: The price of vengeance |page=181}}</ref>
စာကြောင်း ၆၂ -
၁၉၄၃ စက်တင်ဘာလဆန်းပိုင်းတွင် ဗွန်ဘရောင်းအဝေးပစ်In early September 1943, von Braun promised the Long-Range Bombardment Commission<ref name=Neufeld/>{{Rp|224}} that the A-4 development was 'practically complete/concluded',<ref name=Irving/>{{Rp|135}} but even by the middle of 1944, a complete A-4 parts list was still unavailable.<ref name=Neufeld/>{{Rp|224}} Hitler was sufficiently impressed by the enthusiasm of its developers, and needed a "wonder weapon" to maintain German morale,<ref name=Irons/> so authorized its deployment in large numbers.<ref>{{cite book | last = Hakim | first = Joy | title = A History of Us: War, Peace and all that Jazz | publisher = Oxford University Press | year = 1995 | location = New York | pages = 100–104 | isbn = 0-19-509514-6 }}</ref>
 
ဗွီ-၂ ဒုံးပျံများကို [[မစ်တယ်ဝပ်]](Mittelwerk)စက်ရုံတွင် [[Mittelbau-Dora]]ချွေးတပ်စခန်းမှအကျဉ်းသားများဖြင့်တပ်ဆင်ခဲ့သည်။ စစ်ကာလအတွင်း ချွေးတပ်သား ၂၀,၀၀၀ကျော်သေဆုံးခဲ့သည်။ Of these, 9,000 died from exhaustion and collapse, 350 were hanged (including 200 executed for acts of sabotage) and the remainder were either shot or died from disease or starvation.<ref name=Hunt>{{cite book |last=Hunt |first=Linda |title=Secret Agenda: The United States Government, Nazi Scientists, and Project Paperclip, 1945 to 1990 |url=https://archive.org/details/secretagendaunit0000hunt |pages=72–74[https://archive.org/details/secretagendaunit0000hunt/page/72 72]–74 |year=1991 |publisher=St.Martin's Press |location=New York |isbn=0-312-05510-2}}</ref><ref name=Beon>{{cite book |last=Béon|first=Yves |others=translated from the French '''La planète Dora''' by Béon & Richard L. Fague|title=Planet Dora: A Memoir of the Holocaust and the Birth of the Space Age|year=1997|publisher=Westview Press, Div. of Harper Collins|isbn=0-8133-3272-9|pages=(SC) page tbd}}</ref>
 
==နည်းပညာဆိုင်ရာအချက်အလက်များ==