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ဗွိုင်ယေဂျာစီမံကိန်း: တည်းဖြတ်မှု မူကွဲများ

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စာကြောင်း ၁၀ -
Both of these scientific missions into [[outer space]] have gathered large amounts of data about the [[gas giant]]s of the [[solar system]], and their orbiting satellites, about which little had been previously known. In addition, the trajectories of the two [[spacecraft]] have been used to place limits on the existence of any hypothetical [[planets beyond Neptune|trans-Neptunian planets]].
 
==ရာဇဝင်==
==History==
[[File:Outersolarsystem-probes-4407b.svg|thumb|right|400px|Trajectories and expected location of Pioneer and Voyager spacecraft in April 2007]]
[[File:Voyager Path.svg|right|thumb|The trajectories that enabled Voyager spacecraft to visit the outer planets and achieve velocity to escape our solar system]]
စာကြောင်း ၅၂ -
The [[Voyager Golden Record]] is attached to one of the bus sides. The angled square panel to the right is the optical calibration target and excess heat radiator. The three [[radioisotope thermoelectric generators]] (RTGs) are mounted end-to-end on the lower boom.
 
=== ကိရိယာများနှင့်အာရုံခံပစ္စည်းများ ===
=== Instruments and sensors ===
Two 10-meter whip [[Antenna (radio)|antenna]]s, which study planetary radio astronomy and plasma waves, extend from the spacecraft's body diagonally below the magnetometer boom. The 13-[[meter]] long Astromast tri-axial boom extends diagonally downwards left and holds the two low-field magnetometers (MAG), and the high-field magnetometers remain close to the main antenna.
 
စာကြောင်း ၃၁၆ -
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=== ကွန်ပျူတာများ ===
=== Computers ===
Unlike the other onboard instruments, the operation of the cameras for [[visible light]] is not autonomous, but rather it is controlled by an imaging parameter table contained in one of the on-board [[digital computer]]s, the Flight Data Subsystem (FDS). More recent space probes, since about 1990, usually have completely [[automaton|autonomous]] cameras.
 
စာကြောင်း ၃၃၆ -
[[File:MHW-RTGs.gif|right|thumb|Radioisotope thermoelectric generators for the Voyager program.]]
 
[[electric powerလျှပ်စစ်စွမ်းအင်|Electrical powerလျှပ်စစ်စွမ်းအင်]] is supplied by three [[MHW-RTG]]ကို ရေဒီယိုအိုင်ဆိုတုပ်သာမိုလျှပ်စစ်ဓာတ်အားထုတ်စက်([[radioisotope thermoelectric generator]]s )(RTGs)သုံးခုမှရရှိသည်။ ယင်းဓာတ်အားထုတ်စက်တို့အား ပလူတိုနီယံ-၂၃၈. They are powered by [[plutonium-238]] (distinct from the [[Plutonium-239|Pu-239]] isotope used in nuclear weapons) and provided approximately 470 [[Watt|W]] at 30 [[volt]]s [[direct current|DC]] when the spacecraft was launched. Plutonium-238 decays with a [[half-life]] of 87.74 years,<ref>[http://lanl.gov/source/orgs/nmt/nmtdo/AQarchive/97summer/Pu_238.html The Actinide Research Quarterly: Summer 1997<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> so RTGs using Pu-238 will lose a factor of 1−0.5<sup>{1/87.74}</sup> = 0.79% of their power output per year.
 
Inလွှတ်တင်ပြီး 2011,၃၄နှစ်အကြာ 34၂၀၁၁ yearsခုနှစ်တွင် after launch, such an RTG would inherently produce 470 W × 2<sup>−(34/87.74)</sup> ≈ 359 W, about 76% of its initial power. Additionally, the [[thermocouple]]s that convert [[heat]] into [[electricity]] also degrade, reducing available power below this calculated level.
 
၂၀၁၁ အောက်တိုဘာတွင် ဗွိုင်ယေဂျာ၁နှင့် ဗွိုင်ယေဂျာ၂ တို့သည် ၂၆၇.၉ဝပ် နှင့် ၂၆၉.၂ဝပ်အသီးသီးသို့ စွမ်းအားကျဆင်းသွားသည်။ မူလလွှတ်တင်စဉ်ကအောက် ၅၇% ကျဆင်းသွားပြီဖြစ်သည်။ စွမ်းအင်ထုတ်လုပ်မှုသည် Theပစ်လွှတ်ခြင်းမပြုမီက levelကြိုတင်တွက်ဆထားသည်ထက်ပိုမိုအခြေအနေကောင်းသည်။ ofလျှပ်စစ်စွမ်းအင်ကျဆင်းလာသည်နှင့်အမျှ powerယာဉ်ပေါ်ရှိအချို့ကိရိယာများအလုပ်လုပ်မှုရပ်ဆိုင်းသွားပြီဖြစ်သည်။ output was better than pre-launch predictions based on a conservative thermocouple degradation model. As the electrical power decreases, spacecraft loads must be turned off, eliminating some capabilities.
 
== ဗွိုင်ယေဂျာတို့၏ ကြယ်တာရာများသို့ ခရီး ==
စာကြောင်း ၃၅၁ -
Both spacecraft also have adequate electrical power and attitude control propellant to continue operating until around 2025, after which there may not be available electrical power to support science instrument operation. At that time, science data return and spacecraft operations will cease.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/spacecraft/spacecraftlife.html| title=Voyager - Spacecraft Lifetime NASA website|accessdate=2011-09-13}}</ref>
 
== အဝေးတိုင်းခြင်း==
== Telemetry ==
The telemetry comes to the telemetry modulation unit (TMU) separately as a "low-rate" 40-bit-per-second (bit/s) channel and a "high-rate" channel.
 
စာကြောင်း ၃၆၉ -
'''The Voyager craft have three different telemetry formats'''
 
နှုန်းမြင့်
High rate
* CR-5T (ISA 35395) Science [http://voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/mission/weekly-reports/2010-05-07.html], note that this can contain some engineering data.
* FD-12 higher accuracy (and time resolution) Engineering data, note that some science data may also be encoded.
 
နှုန်းနိမ့်
Low rate
* EL-40 Engineering [http://voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/mission/weekly-reports/2010-05-14.html], note that this format can contain some science data, but not all systems represented.
* This is an abbreviated format, with data truncation for some subsystems.
စာကြောင်း ၃၈၁ -
[[Memory dump]]s are available in both engineering formats. These routine diagnostic procedures have detected and corrected intermittent memory bit flip problems, as well as detecting the permanent bit flip problem that caused a two-week data loss event mid-2010.
 
==ဗွိုင်ယေဂျာရွှေအသံသွင်းဓာတ်ပြား==
==Voyager Golden Record==
{{main|Voyager Golden Record}}
 
''Voyager 1ဗွိုင်ယေဂျာ၁'' andနှင့် ''2၂'' တို့ အသီးသီးတွင် ကမ္ဘာမြေရှိ ပုံများနှင့်အသံများဖမ်းယူထားသော ရွှေဓာတ်ပြားများထည့်သွင်းပေးထားသည်။ both carry with them a golden record that contains pictures and sounds of Earth, along with symbolic directions for playing the record and data detailing the location of Earth.<ref name="Ferris-201205" /> The record is intended as a combination [[time capsule]] and interstellar message to any civilization, alien or far-future human, that may recover either of the ''Voyager'' craft. The contents of this record were selected by a committee that included [[Timothy Ferris]]<ref name="Ferris-201205" /> and was chaired by [[Carl Sagan]].
 
== Pale blue dot ==
စာကြောင်း ၃၉၂ -
The Voyager program's discoveries during the primary phase of its mission, including never-before-seen close-up color photos of the major planets, were regularly documented by both print and electronic media outlets. Among the best-known of these is an image of the Earth as a [[pale blue dot]], taken in 1990 by ''Voyager 1'', and popularised by [[Carl Sagan]].
 
==ကြည့်ရန်==
==See also==
* [[Timeline of Solar System exploration]]
* [[ပိုင်အိုနီးယားစီမံကိန်း]]
* [[Pioneer program]]
* [[Planetary Grand Tour]]
* [[Family Portrait (Voyager)]]
* [[Stamatios Krimigis|Tom Krimigis]], PI for the LECP
 
==ရည်ညွှန်း==
==References==
{{reflist}}
 
==ပြင်ပချိတ်ဆက်ရန်==
==External links==
{{Sister project links|Voyager program}}
'''NASA sites'''
"https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/ဗွိုင်ယေဂျာစီမံကိန်း" မှ ရယူရန်